Stopping distance is influenced by several critical factors, and the first option provides the most relevant ones.
Speed is a major factor because the faster a vehicle is traveling, the longer it takes to come to a complete stop. This is due to the increased kinetic energy that must be dissipated when braking. Vehicle weight also plays a significant role; heavier vehicles generally require more distance to stop because they possess greater momentum. Road conditions, such as wet, icy, or uneven surfaces, can significantly affect the traction between the tires and the road, impacting how effectively brakes can be applied. Lastly, the condition of the brake system determines how quickly the vehicle can respond to a driver's input. Worn or malfunctioning brakes can lead to longer stopping distances as they may not generate enough friction to slow down the vehicle efficiently.
Other options, while they include some factors that might influence driving conditions or safety, do not address the direct and critical aspects that specifically affect stopping distance as comprehensively as the first option does. For instance, engine size and fuel type may impact overall performance and efficiency but do not directly correlate with how quickly a vehicle can stop.